tty ioctl - ioctls for terminals and serial lines
#include <termios.h>
int ioctl(int fd , int cmd , ...);
The ioctl () call for terminals and serial ports accepts many possible command arguments. Most require a third argument, of varying type, here called argp or arg.
Use of ioctl makes for non-portable programs. Use the POSIX interface described in termios (3) whenever possible.
TCGETS struct termios * argp Equivalent to tcgetattr(fd, argp) . Get the current serial port settings.
TCSETS const struct termios * argp Equivalent to tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, argp) . Set the current serial port settings.
TCSETSW const struct termios * argp Equivalent to tcsetattr(fd, TCSADRAIN, argp) . Allow the output buffer to drain, and set the current serial port settings.
TCSETSF const struct termios * argp Equivalent to tcsetattr(fd, TCSAFLUSH, argp) . Allow the output buffer to drain, discard pending input, and set the current serial port settings.
The following four ioctls are just like TCGETS TCSETS TCSETSW TCSETSF except that they take a struct termio * instead of a struct termios * .
TCGETA struct termio * argp
TCSETA const struct termio * argp
TCSETAW const struct termio * argp
TCSETAF const struct termio * argp
The termios structure of a tty can be locked. The lock is itself a termios structure, with nonzero bits or fields indicating a locked value.
TIOCGLCKTRMIOS struct termios * argp Gets the locking status of the termios structure of the terminal.
TIOCSLCKTRMIOS const struct termios * argp Sets the locking status of the termios structure of the terminal. Only root can do this.
Window sizes are kept in the kernel, but not used by the kernel (except in the case of virtual consoles, where the kernel will update the window size when the size of the virtual console changes, for example, by loading a new font).
TIOCGWINSZ struct winsize * argp Get window size.
TIOCSWINSZ const struct winsize * argp Set window size.
The struct used by these ioctls is defined as
struct winsize { unsigned short ws_row; unsigned short ws_col; unsigned short ws_xpixel; /* unused */ unsigned short ws_ypixel; /* unused */ };
struct winsize { unsigned short ws_row; unsigned short ws_col; unsigned short ws_xpixel; /* unused */ unsigned short ws_ypixel; /* unused */ };
When the window size changes, a SIGWINCH signal is sent to the foreground process group.
TCSBRK int arg Equivalent to tcsendbreak(fd, arg) . If the terminal is using asynchronous serial data transmission, and arg is zero, then send a break (a stream of zero bits) for between 0.25 and 0.5 seconds. If the terminal is not using asynchronous serial data transmission, then either a break is sent, or the function returns without doing anything. When arg is nonzero, nobody knows what will happen.
(SVr4, UnixWare, Solaris, Linux treat tcsendbreak(fd,arg) with nonzero arg like tcdrain(fd) . SunOS treats arg as a multiplier, and sends a stream of bits arg times as long as done for zero arg . DG/UX and AIX treat arg (when nonzero) as a timeinterval measured in milliseconds. HP-UX ignores arg .)
TCSBRKP int arg So-called "POSIX version" of TCSBRK . It treats nonzero arg as a timeinterval measured in deciseconds, and does nothing when the driver does not support breaks.
TIOCSBRK void Turn break on, that is, start sending zero bits.
TIOCCBRK void Turn break off, that is, stop sending zero bits.
TCXONC int arg Equivalent to tcflow(fd, arg) . See tcflow (3) for the argument values TCOOFF TCOON TCIOFF TCION .
FIONREAD int * argp Get the number of bytes in the input buffer.
TIOCINQ int * argp Same as FIONREAD .
TIOCOUTQ int * argp Get the number of bytes in the output buffer.
TCFLSH int arg Equivalent to tcflush(fd, arg) . See tcflush (3) for the argument values TCIFLUSH TCOFLUSH TCIOFLUSH .
TIOCSTI const char * argp Insert the given byte in the input queue.
TIOCCONS void Redirect output that would have gone to /dev/console or /dev/tty0 to the given tty. If that was a pty master, send it to the slave. Anybody can do this as long as the output was not redirected yet. If it was redirected already EBUSY is returned, but root may stop redirection by using this ioctl with fd pointing at /dev/console or /dev/tty0 .
TIOCSCTTY int arg Make the given tty the controlling tty of the calling process. The calling process must be a session leader and not have a controlling tty already. If this tty is already the controlling tty of a different session group then the ioctl fails with EPERM unless the caller is root and arg equals 1, in which case the tty is stolen, and all processes that had it as controlling tty lose it.
TIOCNOTTY void If the given tty was the controlling tty of the calling process, give up this controlling tty. If the process was session leader, then send SIGHUP and SIGCONT to the foreground process group and all processes in the current session lose their controlling tty.
TIOCGPGRP pid_t * argp When successful, equivalent to *argp = tcgetpgrp(fd) . Get the process group ID of the foreground process group on this tty.
TIOCSPGRP const pid_t * argp Equivalent to tcsetpgrp(fd, *argp) . Set the foreground process group ID of this tty.
TIOCGSID pid_t * argp Get the session ID of the given tty. This will fail with ENOTTY in case the tty is not a master pty and not our controlling tty. Strange.
TIOCEXCL void Put the tty into exclusive mode. No further open (2) operations on the terminal are permitted. (They will fail with EBUSY except for root.)
TIOCNXCL void Disable exclusive mode.
TIOCGETD int * argp Get the line discipline of the tty.
TIOCSETD const int * argp Set the line discipline of the tty.
TIOCPKT const int * argp Enable (when
TIOCPKT const int * argp Enable (when is nonzero) or disable packet mode. Can be applied to the master side of a pseudo-terminal only (and will return ENOTTY otherwise). In packet mode, each subsequent read (2) will return a packet that either contains a single nonzero control byte, or has a single byte containing zero (''0') followed by data written on the slave side of the pty. If the first byte is not TIOCPKT_DATA (0), it is an OR of one or more of the following bits:
TIOCPKT_FLUSHREAD The read queue for the terminal is flushed. TIOCPKT_FLUSHWRITE The write queue for the terminal is flushed. TIOCPKT_STOP Output to the terminal is stopped. TIOCPKT_START Output to the terminal is restarted. TIOCPKT_DOSTOP t_stopc is `^S' and t_startc is `^Q'. TIOCPKT_NOSTOP The start and stop characters are not `^S/^Q'.
While this mode is in use, the presence of control status information to be read from the master side may be detected by a select (2) for exceptional conditions.
This mode is used by rlogin (1) and rlogind (8) to implement a remote-echoed, locally `^S/^Q' flow-controlled remote login.
The BSD ioctls TIOCSTOP TIOCSTART TIOCUCNTL TIOCREMOTE have not been implemented under Linux.
TIOCMGET int * argp get the status of modem bits.
TIOCMSET const int * argp set the status of modem bits.
TIOCMBIC const int * argp clear the indicated modem bits.
TIOCMBIS const int * argp set the indicated modem bits.
Bits used by these four ioctls:
TIOCM_LE DSR (data set ready/line enable) TIOCM_DTR DTR (data terminal ready) TIOCM_RTS RTS (request to send) TIOCM_ST Secondary TXD (transmit) TIOCM_SR Secondary RXD (receive) TIOCM_CTS CTS (clear to send) TIOCM_CAR DCD (data carrier detect) TIOCM_CD see TIOCM_CAR TIOCM_RNG RNG (ring) TIOCM_RI see TIOCM_RNG TIOCM_DSR DSR (data set ready)
TIOCGSOFTCAR int * argp ("Get software carrier flag") Get the status of the CLOCAL flag in the c_cflag field of the termios structure.
TIOCSSOFTCAR const int * argp ("Set software carrier flag") Set the CLOCAL flag in the termios structure when
TIOCSSOFTCAR const int * argp ("Set software carrier flag") Set the CLOCAL flag in the termios structure when is nonzero, and clear it otherwise.
If the CLOCAL flag for a line is off, the hardware carrier detect (DCD) signal is significant, and an open (2) of the corresponding tty will block until DCD is asserted, unless the O_NONBLOCK flag is given. If CLOCAL is set, the line behaves as if DCD is always asserted. The software carrier flag is usually turned on for local devices, and is off for lines with modems.
For the TIOCLINUX ioctl, see console_ioctl (4).
#include <linux/tty.h>
TIOCTTYGSTRUCT struct tty_struct * argp Get the tty_struct corresponding to fd .
The ioctl () system call returns 0 on success. On error it returns -1 and sets errno appropriately.
EINVAL Invalid command parameter.
ENOIOCTLCMD Unknown command.
ENOTTY Inappropriate fd .
EPERM Insufficient permission.
Check the condition of DTR on the serial port.
#include <termios.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h>
int main(void) { int fd, serial;
fd = open("/dev/ttyS0", O_RDONLY); ioctl(fd, TIOCMGET, &serial); if (serial & TIOCM_DTR) puts("TIOCM_DTR is not set"); else puts("TIOCM_DTR is set"); close(fd); }
ioctl (2) termios (3) console_ioctl (4) pty (7)
